When people think of legacy modernization, most folks aren't imagining
the target environment will be Java 8. But this was the challenge facing
Nik Malykhin when he needed to run a Java 1.5 codebase on
today's hardware. His early use of LLMs gave plausible answers that did
not hold up in the codebase. Progress came when he grounded the process in
evidence, using AI to support analysis, validation in a stable Docker
environment, and gradual refactoring protected by tests. The main takeaway
is practical: AI was most useful when constrained by evidence, clear
roles, and a step-by-step modernization strategy.
In order to not hit something, you generally need to know where that thing is. On land, the meager human eyesight tends to be sufficient. On the water, however, the prospects are more dangerous and complicated. So, technology is required to ensure safe ocean voyages in the form of the AIS transponder system. The off the shelf solutions tend to work quite well, but [peterantypas] was displeased with the commercial offerings, and built what appears to be the first open source AIS transponder called MAIANA.
Automatic Identification System (AIS) is a GPS tracking system designed for maritime applications. Broadly speaking, it broadcasts GPS and other data at intervals over VHF radio. AIS is what allows the precise tracking of vessels by authorities, and online hobbyists. AIS is also often received by other vessels to augment radar improving boat to boat collision safety.
Most commercial AIS transponders used by sailors are rather bulky, expensive, come with a large power budget. The MAIANA project avoids these pitfalls by being entirely self-contained. The RF portion is largely made up of a STM32L4 micro controller, a SI Labs Si4460 ISM RF chip, and a Quectel L76L-M33 with a Johansson ceramic chip antenna for GPS. With such simple hardware, the PCB is easily small enough to fit inside the antenna assembly.
This design eliminates the need for long runs of multiple shielded RF cables to a bulky transponder unit inside. Instead, a simple Ethernet cable is used to transfer data to and from the mast. Inside the boat, a USB decoder is used to pass the AIS data on to a PC. This whole setup is remarkably simple and reliable, with hundreds of units having been produced since the project’s start.
Compared to the Arduino Uno of old, modern microcontrollers are absolutely tiny — especially for the amount of processing power and I/O you get. But if you need something really small, like fits-on-the-tip-of-your-finger small, most of the turn-key development boards on the market are still a bit too big.
Enter the pinch from moddo, which they advertise as “The World’s Smallest 32-Bit Arduino-
Compatible Board.” We can’t vouch for its world-record status, but we certainly can’t think of a smaller one. At least not a complete solution like this, which offers native USB and 15 GPIO pins in addition to the usual suspects like SPI, I2C, PWM, and UART. In fact, it’s so small that it even includes a breakout board to make prototyping a bit easier.
Coming from something like an ESP32, the biggest adjustment will probably be working around the relatively limited specs of the SAMD11. The ARM Cortex-M0+ under the hood tops out at 48 MHz, and there’s only 4 KB SRAM and 16 KB flash (of which the bootloader eats up 4 KB). Still, not bad for something that occupies roughly the same surface area as a female USB-C connector.
We’re told the team is in the final stages of testing and production of the pinch, and you can currently pre-order the $16 board ahead of its planned September ship date. A circuit schematic and STEP 3D model are already available, and it looks like board design files aren’t far behind.
Sheetz, a US convenience store chain, is moving its 838 locations off VMware.
Sheetz has used VMware virtualization across two Dell R440/R450-series servers at each of its locations since 2019. Now it’s migrating 12 to 14 virtual machines (VMs) in each of its stores from VMware vSphere to StorMagic’s SvHCI, “with an additional two VMs to be replaced over the coming months to transition from Windows 10 to Windows 11,” Scott Robertson, infrastructure team manager at Sheetz, told Ars Technica via email. Ultimately, Sheetz will move about 11,000 VMs from Broadcom's virtualization platform. Sheetz is still running the original Dell server hardware.
So far, Sheetz has finished migrating more than 600 stores, averaging 200 per month, according to a company announcement today. Sheetz should be finished with the migration in four months, the announcement said.
Do you remember AIM? It may suprize you to hear that AOL’s instant messanger was actually supported all the way up to 2017– two years after Discord launched. Unlike Discord, AIM is a protocol, not a platform. Everything on your favourite Discord server is at the mercy of the corporate masters of said server; you can’t just spool up your own. Not so for AIM, as [Veronica] explains, both on her blog and in a YouTube video that we’ve embedded below.
The key is the fact that the AIM protocol isn’t locked into AOL’s now-defunct servers; it was reverse engineered in its prime for open-source messengers like Pidgin. You can host your own server, too, using the OpenOscarServer by [mk6i]. Even better, it’s not just AIM, but ICQ! In the sort of irony you only get in real life, the OpenOscar community does all its support on a Discord server. But then, they couldn’t hardly do it over AIM or ICQ these days.
For those of you who were too old or too young to get sucked into the 90s instant messenger craze, these protocols don’t just create chat rooms, that would be the even older Internet Relay Chat protocol, but usually worked more like SMS text messages. You have a contact list, and you send messages to your contacts via a server that acts as a hub. Once upon a time, that server was AOL’s, but now thanks to the OpenOscar project, it can be anybody’s computer. Of course, like texting, you can rope all of your contacts into one big group chat, and the protocol does support images and VOIP. (Which is starting to sound a lot like Discord.)
If you’re tired of your friend-group being at the mercy of American tech companies, [Veronica]’s blog post serves as a good guide to get you started running OpenOscarServer on a Linux system; she used a virtual private server but figures a Raspberry Pi ought to have enough grunt if you don’t have a huge number of people signed up.
For completeness, we should mention that while AOL pulled the plug on AIM nearly a decade back, ICQ, the other protocol supported by OpenOscarServer, lasted straight through until 2024.
Thanks to Keith Olson for the tip! Our tipsline is based on decentralized “electronic mail” technology that anyone can access.
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